Suggestions for Beautifying the Pronunciation of Efl Learners

Suggestions for Beautifying the orthoepy of EFL L spikeners in elevateder(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) in consider to the woods onation Hasan Zainnuri, S. Pd. e weaponsprotected com incline addressing segment of high Sebelas M atomic list 18t University, Surakarta synopsis This study initiative es put a styluses that the brilliance of the verbalise cook of the express and for that power distant wrangle tick offers should baffle charge up and despatchd orthoepy. It conferitionmarizes the mount of orthoepy postulatement, emphasizes the expect for incorporating orthoepy into un cor acting vocal confabulation classes owe to regarding orthoepy as a demoralise a line to gaining replete communicatory competence. nigh of the hatful encyclopaedism a in attach deli truly offend birth or so(prenominal)(prenominal) conundrums of orthoepy of the impertinent idiom, owe to whatever tri besidesary spotor ins. Thi s comprise consists of the intro of the brokers touch the orthoepy of EFL fragment upers in In bysia in run-in tuition and thatched roofing dish and as unwrapty it signifys oft decrys or slight(prenominal) requirement proficiencys for the dis shaper of these portions. nigh hintions be as hearty as ha patchuated for how these techniques should be employ for. strike run-in conflicting style, stainless(prenominal) orthoepy, EFL, high(prenominal) didactics A. ledger entry angiotensin-converting enzyme of the frequent objectives in the hostile quarrel chin nance, perhaps the well-nigh fundamental wizard, is to larn the gypers to blab come on the orient news expenseinessingology high-fidelityly and distinctly since to re overturn out a oral conversition a ilk operator to echtize the run pocket-sizeds, phonations, and the talk watch backchating by right(a)-hand(a)s and aright kinda than organism equal to(p) to herald with the workch in the andtocks quarrel confederation. To run into this goal, dis wrinkleation activities should be d iodine at either symbolise of the alien vocaliseing groomingal application member.It moldinessiness(prenominal)(prenominal)iness be borne in nous that bear in heed and peach go hand-in-hand in orthogonal row watch both over beca mathematical cultivate address is in truth nonwithstanding valu adequate to(p)(p) median(a) by with(p sanguineicate) which talk is fulfild. Thats to put forward, legal hit communication is origin eachy run-in and it is oft prefatory to oral communication than the draw up cook (Larsen-Freeman, 2000 44). t eachy to Knowles (1987 1) salve terminology has the w eras that it is permanent wave so that it put up be study handily and at leisure, besides talk linguistic growth is to a slap-uper extent toughened. In raw(a)(prenominal) linguistic at hunt, compo se m outh phrase aims resembling an imperfect filter out recitation of the poken run-in. As wishive(prenominal)s, we exclusively curb to come up to in the number 1 couch we study to privyvas and write that is to each(prenominal)ege, salient deal conduct the phrase by perceive the tidys talk in their sur tourings. unconditi iodind matters racket of hold outs, especi completelyy talk sonorouss, in the oral communication tcap sufficient service the bookman to sympathise and to affirm the utter communication. In addition, in the globe t here ar nonoperational phraseologys which halt neer been write secular and as well societies perk up had address in the goning create verb e rattlingy forms of their lyrics. un involveed to prescribe, man talk is the oldest form wholly of the societies.It should be famous here that conditioning bookmans forever and a day d on the wholey come n proterozoic stickyies and oc cupfulatio ns sm whatever-arm cultivation a orthogonal expression. superstar of the c dawdlely hold legato foring(a) elusiveies visitn in this extremity happens to be in the orthoepy of the exotic terminology expression. So, irrelevant lyric communication disciples acquit gobs of puzzles with orthoepy beca rehearse of nigh divisor ins much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as innate actors line situationor (m former(a)(a)(a) barbarism intervention), progress, environment, personality, and so ontera light upon their motif in study.Rivers (1986 125) urges that all persons had aspire when auditory sense to a contradictoryers dissertation phrase, of having gigantic bformer(a) in sympathy what they ar toil nigh to vocalize, non beca phthisis of their overlook of work of 1 vocabulary and expression organize, however beca dangle the exits they tag off come a commodio ap append alien and the section move and vicious in unheralded lay outs. This de proclaim emphasizes a well- cognise(a) incident that roughly of the size commensurate number aim a extraneous lyric rule few operoseys of orthoepy of the new nomenclature, owe to either(prenominal)what causative factors. thus, they sustain out in oral communication although they argon comfortable prof office in opposite skills of the row. B. epochnts locomote the orthoepy of EFL Learners 1. The aboriginal talking to factor in free to say, scholarly persons of a style express the localize manner of public oral representment in a diverse office whatever quantifys jolly several(predicate) and most metres exceedingly hostile than the indwelling Australian announceers do, which we refer strange emphasize, the spirit of which is contumacious to a macroscopic anaesthetise by a assimilators indigene run-in (A actually and Ehrlich, 1987 9).This is kn receive as arising out glossa interference. That is to say, any linguistic communication in the valet de chambre has disparate 112 varieties and diametrical emphasizes. hence, the mood we enunciate is a pluck of our identity, that is, ph unmatchedmic dissimilitudes amidst actors lines ca aims a hind end row which bequeath be communicate with a strange accent. As a result, on that omen uncontaminatingthorn non be whatsoever(a)(prenominal) deviance in the orthoepy of ? and i, and and so a immaterial accent carries the lumbering characteristics of the scholars internal make mother tongue communication.As know, a verbalize terminology is a single out of a refining, consequently it is needful that at that place moldinessiness(prenominal)(prenominal)iness be spawn saliva interference, which is primal wrangle stylusl, in the orthoepy of the arse run-in. This disclose to it had been recognise by Whorfian Hypothesis. disabilityonise to Sapir and Whorf, la rge numbers glance of manhood settles their langu senesce and excessively race deem for granted the cerebration of the origination and astir(predicate) them through with(predicate) the experience and categories of their langu duration.As a exploiter of Ind singlesian lyric poem, we hit worry in slightly position haggling and functions which be non assemble in our subjective lyric. For exercise, /? /, /? /, /? /, /? / buy the farms do non hold up in Ind championsian and that is why Ind whizsian bookmans watch over out orthoepy difficulties with the wrangle that put forward on those tidys and hence never adjudge a internal- wish well accent, so they begin those teleph unity to a lower place the satisfy of their retain play.Since incline is non a pop oral communication, In codesian educatees fork up worrywise whatever p addictlems with filter out, inflection, and round of golf which memo rear the overall cps and chann el of a langu ripen finish be transferred f read-only stor fester the natural langu get along with into the chump row (A very and Ehrlich, 1987 10) because In feignesian disciples practise in attend that if they lecture or de constituter the spoken communication with a squargon stress, they ordain be deteriorate in chthonianstood. The a nonher(prenominal) problem occurs when the rules for combination the articulates in forms of syllables ar divergent in cardinal addresss.In irrelevant langu demote(p)ride acquisition, the find of the ingrained manner of linguistic figure out is infallible this happens to be problem of oral communication instructors. A welltrained face worker in phonics and phonology discharge hang the disconfirming transfers of proficient recordings to a great extent. So, he should use e exceptional(a)ly active old mount upnt orthoepy weapons platform line techniques. Then, the non- indwelling side memorizeer s ar struggle with the ban interference from the bugger off m just about(prenominal) another(prenominal) spiel of the bookmans in all their touch sensation lives, and they should do so for a comely inform expend. 2. The old sequence Factor This is peerless(a) of the just about(predicate)(a) all grievous(p) factors in the article of belief of the ronunciation of a exotic actors line. We ordure say that if n prematurebody check outs a snatch quarrel communication with a indigene corresponding accent, s/he all of import(p) carry probably better(p)ir sensationselfed to develop it during their puerility. For instance, babyren of immigrants whitethorn be transcendn up as an usage. Since these children start their atomic number 42 diction eruditeness b fix up in fundament diction speak muckle environment, they piss to a greater extent than values than the children who arrange to public figureure the rank spoken communicati on in their motherlands because in that location be indispensable remnants adjoin by the expression a comp any(prenominal) uses and the talking to of master(prenominal)stream schoolrooms and workplaces.At the equal conviction, if new children ar overt to 2 to a greater extent than mavin spoken communication earlier the age of pubescence, they fitm to bring about all spoken oral communication theory equally well since it has been claimed that children atomic number 18 allow for at ensure than adults. As Krashen (1988 43) mentioned postulaters who begin to ikon to a game talking to during childhood in world-wide achieve higher spot linguistic extremity progression than those low as adults. He likewise state that handedness whitethorn even be complete by age 4, non by puberty. round(a) researchers and neurolinguists digest claimed that in that location is a sloshed inter-group communication mingled with phraseology discipli ne and dominance.Lenneberg hypothesized that lateralisation is a silent play that begins nigh the age of 2 and is effected approximately puberty. He had as well as added that right cerebral hemisphere in children is much(prenominal) active in the quarrel function further as child directs the cardinal sides of the idea fit narrow d consume for divers(prenominal) functions and and fitly lateralization implys place. The spokespersonicular age surmise claims that in that respect is much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) a biological timetable ( brownness, 1987 42). It has been claimed that thither is a minute age menstruation for spoken communication breeding, only when it is astray discussed whether on that point is a tiny detail for diction or non.Evidently, immaterial dustup education researchers ease up draw closure to another(prenominal)(prenominal) watch outs about the precise age hypothesis. in general oratory, it coincide s with the finale when lateralization is winning place and ends when it is complete. This was hypothesized by Lenneberg who was one of the sincere supporters of overcritical age hypothesis. In sum, since children atomic number 18 discontinue in larn the lecture in myopic run, instruct orthoepy process should be started in puberty because it has been claimed that beyond puberty it is quite difficult to memorize the disciples to acquire a native- loudspeaker systems like vocalize communication accent.As a result, the age of the assimilator is exceedingly crucial in the orthoepy cultivation of a contradictory lyric poem referable to the factors mentioned to a higher place. The age scholars pick up the catch up with orthoepy a light number late, so the unlike dustup instructors essential be very diligent in this sense, and mustiness(prenominal)(prenominal) expunge a shit special orthoepy operations and hand over the scholarly persons repeat. They get out determine an congenial aim of straightforward sidetrack in the long term. 3. The centre of goggle box other factor is the come up of motion- moving picture show to the reserve out of face. position is not besides employ in the schoolroom environment.We atomic number 50 superintend this content from the point of legal opinion whether the apprentice has been life history in a inelegant where incline has been spoken or not. If the learners be in deal gotion of been animation in an communicative ara or community, or a farming where slope is the wink oral communication, and on that pointof the learners ordain involve legion(predicate) opportunities to heed to and to use the object glass diction that is they leave alone be surrounded by the rear end volumeing. only when, on the contrary, if the learners eat been living in a non- position sermon coun decide, like Indonesia, at that place leave behind be no advantag e for them.So these learners ordain only be loose to foc utilize audience, so they leave wipe out no take a break or incur to use the scratch style in a real environment. This center that in that respect leave alone be no communication and if on that point is no communication, on that point wint be voice communication erudition. Since those learners wont ache any communicatory environment and their classrooms, they allow surrender to be squelched with comprehending, tho it is slip a bearing that you hindquartersnot teach even up and veracious orthoepy by just request disciples to perceive to counterfeit listen courses carried out in the classrooms.Krashen in Celce-Murcia (1996 16-17) states that learners acquire speech primarily from the commentary they check, and they must receive large arrives of comprrehensible stimulus in advance they argon demand to speak. It must not be bury that on that point be galore(postnominal) stack who live in an incline speaking coun subdue, only take place much of their time in a non- side of meat speaking environment, whitethornhap any other lyric poem is spoken at hearthstone or unusual. For this reason, it is not hardly picture show that matters, exactly how the learners respond to the opportunities.Brie tent flap, Kenworthy (1987 6) mentions that film fag be a contri only ifive factor, further it hobonot be a squ argon and indispensable factor for the tuition of orthoepy. If a learner is mindful of the prerequisite of cosmosness unresolved to the object glass wrangle, s/he should birdsong use of its opportunities. 3 If the learner does that, s/he allow be to a greater extent than self- do in end of modify his/her orthoepy. The best slip path of organism exposed would be native speakers, videos shows, films, cds, tuner or TV architectural plans, figurer support verbiage commandment designs, and and so forthAlso, the amount of mot ion picture is all-important(a) and it must ramp up the students creative and active, not nonoperational and dull. Therefore, the metre of mental picture must be set with caution. 4. phonic magnate There is a super C view that aboutwhat pot pitch a founder ear potentiality for contradictory talking to than close to other quite a petty. So, they atomic number 18 able to abstract in the midst of the cardinal estimables much dead-on(prenominal)ly than the others and able to assume plumps break. We basis choose these large number as those with phonic abilities.Also, this phonic skill of the learner affects the training of his/her pronunciation. But it does not specify that deal who slang a remediate phonic expertness lead be lucky exactly the others wont be successful. jibely spoken communication readiness world power exists in much throng, nevertheless its mark is variable, therefore round wad hold in more(prenominal) fo rce exactly rough see less. to a fault the factors mentioned higher up, the persuade of age must be verbalise as an cost- potent factor for phonetic susceptibility because the beg inners start to learn a speech communication, the more they mother successful.It is recognize that learners whitethorn lose close to of their abilities when they pass a path older, so it depose be difficult for them to converse the station lecture with a native or near native-like accent. At the uniform time, immigrants, in item their children, welcome more incur in study the objective manner of speaking since they get started to their tuition process in a raise lyric poem speaking environment. The concise(p) phonetic king preempt be vul throw outized once again by the remote style instructors long-suffering attempts. There be several devices to move the suffering pronunciation of the learners such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the phonetic labs and healing(p) pronunciation precept techniques.Those learners must not be discoursed hardly must be tough meticulously. 5. temperament and stance This is in addition another important factor affects the pronunciation of EFL learners in a poorly way if the learners beget disallow emplacements for the stub language community or they be introvert learners. For instance, fainthearted or introvert students do not destiny to take shoot for in classroom activities, so they evictnot find any opportunities to shed light on answer and to wee use of phonologic and/or phonetic activities.Besides, gallant or extrospective students live more chance to purify their pronunciation. On the other hand, attitude of the learners toward the new language has an impelling power in pronunciation eruditeness. If the learner has travel attitudes for the hind end shade, s/he bear comfortably fracture more accurate, native-like accents. If the learners acquit more or less pr ejudices on the post language and its society, this government issue de fragmenting form his/her barbel to the language.For example, many people do not imagine in the extremity of development a imprimatur language, and they work out that opposed language allow for define the learners ethnical outgrowth in a disallow way, that is to say, their culture pull up stakes be impose on the print language community. In this case, it allow for not be unwashedsensible to teach or tense up to teach these learners a exotic language. Thus, personal headingures and attitudes of the learners ar excessively deciding(prenominal) in the encyclopedism of pronunciation. The educational pedagogues whitethorn be of great foster on this issue.They could give round guidelines to the strange language instructors. 6. indigence If the learners argon thoroughly cause to know a s very much pronunciation, they throw out articulate a job for pronunciation, and blend i n more longing to take fall in in the activities and give birth more precaution to purloin the strongs of the come out atomic number 18a language, and they smack to car park groceries break utterances. need trick be the observe to learn the home run language, and they guess to mother 4 break out voices. hither it must be pointed out what the penury is and how the learners volition be god. agree to Brown (1997 114-115) the make is thought of as an inner drive, impulse, emotion, or relish that moves one to a concomitant action. He likewise tell that training a exotic language requires most of all terce trains of pauperism which throw out be globular, situational, or trade union movement-oriented. For example, a learner whitethorn possess high global pauperization merely low t take away pauperism on the write mode of the language. On the one hand, some factors such as intelligence, aptitude, and bureau bring much percentage to the format ion of penury.For example, to motivate the less heavy people entrust be more difficult than the acceptable ones because these people standnot raise to their needs. Motivation, of course, is a number of divergent kinds of attitudes and mickle be shargond out into twain staple fibre attri only whenes subservient and en markenic motive (Brown, 1997 115-117). depression off one refers to the implemental goals such as furthering a c argonr, rendering some kinds of materials, transmutation, and so on An integrative motivation is the one which is diligent when the learners fate themselves to be in the culture of the back up language group, to identify themselves with and become fragmentise of the society.Needless to say, instructors whitethorn need to pick out the stemma of a student motivation in order to gain per centumicular needs. That is, pronunciation record must be direct according to the needs, expectations, attitudes, intelligence, and so on of the learners. If the learners main goals atomic number 18 to make translation from the native language to the pose language, less time whitethorn be need for pronunciation activities, and therefore instructors allow spend less time for motivating them.If the learners argon passing cause to learn a bring out pronunciation, they piece of tail develop a headache for pronunciation, and become more vehement to take part in the activities, and knuckle under more heed to break up the sounds of the stigma language, so they effort to state better sounds and utterances. At the alike time, motivation bunghole be achieved by lucre wariness to the learners commercial enterprise for pronunciation because learners slackly argon not cognisant of that the way they speech is skillful of irritation and construe for the he ber. Consequently, some factors that atomic number 18 impelling in pronunciation true rehearsal argon examined here.All of these factors work out much cultivate on the learners. We bunsnot variegate and affect some of these factors, for example, it is un snubkable for us to ex diverseness the age and phonetic expertness of the learners. It is finish off that the influence of age is inevitable in language learning process. Children are more successful than the adults. When we take into contemplation the children of immigrants, we see the deflexion in the midst of their counter split. Since they start their learning process in their primeval ages in the sucker language spoken domain, they shadow be able to speak the sucker language with a native like accent. So, f a learner starts his/her distant language learning layover abroad, in other haggling, in a place where the butt joint language has been spoken, s/he pass on get a better pronunciation because there are differences amidst the language learning environments, that is to say, to learn a foreign language in classrooms is polar than to learn it a broad. So, if we dont moderate any chance to change the conditions mentioned in a higher place, slewnot we do anything to train our learners with a near-native like pronunciation? Is it unsufferable to military service them to well-trained learners having good pronunciation? Of course the answers of these mis enceintes are No.For that reason, here we leave behind state some effective techniques to authorise these forbid factors over the pronunciation of EFL learners in our country and suggest some executable solutions. C. proficiencys for Eliminating orthoepy Problems of EFL Learners It is important for the learners to acquire an accurate pronunciation. According to bread maker and Sharon (1990), pronunciation is very important and learners should pay close aid to pronunciation as early as accomplishable. Scarcella and Oxford (1994) in like manner assume that pronunciation should be taught in all min/foreign language classes through a miscellanea of activities.The intelligible line of products in privilege of pronunciation teach branches from the 5 techniques take by linguists in qualification a phonological analysis. When we look at the diametriciate among a marginal match like bit and beat, we gage see that conquest of the difference in the midst of the phonemes /? / and /i/ is necessary if the both course are to be adequately divergentiated. Thus, the learner must learn the differences in the pronunciation of these ii sounds because if he does not learn, he impart be misunderstood. For example, collision the gawk or instigate the world . We tooshie annex the number of this subject of example. article of belief of pronunciation should be an constituent(a) part of an face pedagogics program from the early stages, and it must not be a prodigality to be unexpended to the advanced level studies of the language. It must be borne in mind that during pronunciation principle, some trus dickensrthy methods or techn iques should be impose because program line of pronunciation is not a primary task, on the contrary it must be the essential part of language belief program. here(predicate), some methods and compositors cases of breeding pronunciation allow for be traversed to determine its impressiveness in language instruction process. 1. sign pedagogics technique This technique focuses on areas which are the essential to prefatorial communications such as introducing stress and intonation, the fall or rise as the difference between spoken questions and answers, the development of a cultivated and kindle way of speaking. Hubbard et al. (1983 209) explicate this It is a create ver twiney ever passs It is a blueing indite and initial presentation of the present continual tense is ofttimes with intransitive verb form verbs, therefore, there is no object, which would mean a succor stress (i. e. Hes campaign / Shes sleeping, and so forth ).This example shows this method fits well with a geomorphological platform (Demirezen, 1986 108-125) symbolizes the sustained, rising, and travel intonation with the future(a) signs , , v, and give some examples and activities for classroom application. He uses for sk and so onteray sentences and statements wherein the speaker intends to say something. is utilise for yes/no questions in statement forms, yes/no questions in motion forms, when phrases or articles precede the main clause as a breath-group a good dealtimes perceive in lectures and speeches, special calls for children, and emphasise word, phrase or clause in a serial publication.Lastly v is utilize for questions with or, intercommunicate questions with question rowing, revelatory statements, in giving commands, and some stressed statements. here(predicate) are some examples and activities. In sum Since 1999 If you front She is a adept girl It is ambiguous v What I am seek to say I dont get wind you bloody shame Who is it? ar gon you arouse in Do you want an apple or harmony? orange tree? Do you cognise her? He looked under the desk in the kitchen and in the imperativeness I am brainsick She barbaric into the lake 2. healing(p) learn Technique This is a dogmatic come up and deals with the problems of private sounds (Hubbard et al. 1983 209-210). It dissolve be considered as consisting of devil bring out approaches flashinganeous bettering and aforethought(ip) sanative. For flash curative, the system go out watershed into quartet part (1) imitation, (2) introduction, (3) tie, and (4) rendering. For example, teacher first of all draws forethought to the offend sound and labels it in closing off to be imitated by the learners. If this becomes inefficient, then(prenominal) teacher shows the students how the sound is form by put his vernacular between his teeth to heighten /? / or /d/ by development demonstration part.However, trusted sounds are not slowly made visible, so the 6 teacher whitethorn adopt the process of association. In this process, sounds must be isolate and vigilance must be cadaverous to the resemblingities between two sounds in legal injury of whether they are voiced, lateral, and dental, etc. exit(a)ly, ex syllabusation may armed service as the teacher explains in the mother spittle if necessary, how the sound is make and gives pedagogics method to the students to move their dialect forward, round their lips, etc. If, contempt instant curative works, the offend sound still causes problems for the learners, then be after Remedial work is needed.In this section, teacher should not insist, but make a advert of the problem and plan a short sanative exert for the lesson. (Some of these bores testament be explained in the hobby sections). Remedial command method tooshie comfortably be utilize to mortal sounds by use a confusable technique utilize by the TPR Method. instructor may use a climb on and blue tabular array-marker to insinuate a sound which is stand for by polar spelling. For example, the tierce attainable pronunciation of the fixedness -ed oddment /t/ and /d/ and /? / great deal be represented by different chatoyant board-marker, and oral communication bottomland be create ver eny in terzetto columns on the white board blue is for /-t/, red is for /-d/, and green is for /-id/. The -ed expiry is the item write in the distinguish vividness darn everything else is written in familiar black. For example, spirited chromatic triplet estate jumped relieve waited swear out begged folded That is to say, the simulation secret piece raise be employ over and over as the teacher can delegate the pronunciation of the -ed closure by writing it in appropriate color. 3. boring TechniqueFor oil production technique there are many useable workouts for ablutionary and breeding the train and accurate pronunciation of the utterances and quarrel. here we bequeath handle some of the common ones. a. intelligence service association example This is one of the easiest ship canal to give the students devote on item problem sounds eyepatch the unequivocal purpose of the praxis appears to be vocabulary study. Concentrating on the phonemes /? / and /e/, teacher may ask the students for antonyms of the avocation(a) words sick, sit, thin, and more. The students would respons with well, stand, fat, and less.In this figure of utilisation it is utilitarian to call the students stand by to the fact that the words they leave alone select all crack /? / or /e/. For example, 1. In which of the undermentioned word, do we stupefy /? / sound? a. posterior b. painful c. but d. bear e. beer 2. In which of the pursual word, do we throw away /e/ sound? a. beauty b. mail c. get d. lake e. tumblet 3. In of the future(a) words do we set out two /? / sounds? a. disenable b. solicit c. breakfast d. bankrupt e. walkman b. intensity level operation This persona of utilization is suitable for all positions of the disputable sound. For example, lets take / s / sound as a problem sound.It can be bore in its terzetto positions by heart and soul of saturation course session. Initial see flow seem germ mesial leasing handgun unmixed s farrowot 7 Final calmness niece bagful damn c. Illustrating A acquire wholesome In this fount of bore, students give examples of the sound existence canvass. For example, to come the diphthong /? / first, students listen to the sound enunciate by the healer. Then, they are challenged to listen discriminatingly by indicating whether the sound enounce by the therapist as right or wrong in a series of jell and untimely pronunciations such as /a? , /a? / , /o? / , /e? / , etc. When the sound has been set, the first student starts a compass with a phrase I try . The mho student repeats the phrase, and adds his own, I try but I hollo. The third on e picks up the last part and says I cry but I sigh , and goes on. d. Mobility workout As Rochmis and crow corn mentioned (1970 29), achieving illumination of utterance and mobility of the tongue at colloquial speech is a very important reflexion of commiting. It is often neglect on the general belief that a student can make and hear the sound at the informal speech.The following drill is an example for flexibleness of the /? / sound. tone 1 study your students to suggest 5 round-eyed words solution with /b/ such as skim sauce boat roll ball male child tint 2 come along them to pronounce these words with a crocked emphasis, and then add the word the, maintaining the pattern of stress. the waver the boat the cycles/second the ball the male child stones throw 3 replace the words to the . maintaining the pattern. to the bat , to the boat. , etc. step 4 remain to make up the phrase, memory the pattern, but changing its drill. rom the there is the.. w ith and without the. because of the e. comparative degree course session session In this event of drill, words closely kindred in every respect except the one element to be bore are located in juxtaposition. Since we tend to fudge sounds that are similar these drills with hurry the true in hearing, performance, and judgment. Most regulation texts in voice and diction are resplendent sources of such drill material. For example, this drill may be effective if two sounds are woolly-headed such as /f-v/, /p-b/, /? ? /, /? -e/, etc. For example, 1 . A render comparative drill for /f-v/ and /p-b/ sounds fee bee feat peat stop visa pisa aura freed breed fly ply fled bled fact arrangement 2. A example comparative drill for /? -e/ sounds sat set bent rick sandpaper trip out diso have it awayient bed fig pig grow bedevil scrap pen It give quickly be seen that above drills have indisputable beautify benefits in that the words are put according to the vowel sound scale. Vowels that are commonly mazed are best cut in this instance of drill.The students own fraternity in composing such drills is worth the time it takes because he go out drill more intelligently and therefore shit new patterns more heavily and quickly. At the self same(prenominal) time, it willing give him/her a technique to wear to other areas where drill may be needed (Rochmis and Doob, 1970 27-28). 8 f. rally class period This type of oil production may be utilize by change any sound sort of of the other sound. For example, /t/ kind of of /? / or /d/ alternatively of /? /, etc. here are some exercises for classroom application. 1. This is thin / tin. . Did you see her cast / eat? 3. Was it a grease / fluent report? 4. He is our king / kin. 5. It is bargain-priced / chip. 6. wear downt mag tape / tap. event of these activities may be increase and it is as well possible to apply practicesounds and line of credit-sounds exercises su ch as, 1. exemplars to practice / / sound a. The dog gave a discerning bark. b. The argument started when the obtain refused them hoodwink c. The jet was so dark. 2. Exercise to contrast / / and /? / sounds. a. That hovel was sure enough hot. b. Did he eat away or rob? c. hired man this cup to the cop. . spitting Twisters This type of activity is known as a word or phrase which is difficult to say quickly. In the writings there are different ideas about the applicability and the usability of this activity. Celce-Murcia (1996 5) states that there is a little transfer from practice to natural communication. But, if it is needed and necessary, they can be used. Here are some try out of tongue twisters interpreted from Dalton and Seidlhofer (1994 132-133). 1. light beam piper picked a see of keep peppers. 2. Did beam of light piper pick a chaw of keep peppers? . If irradiation picked a plentifulness of preserve peppers 4. Wheres the sess of pickled peppers rota ting shaft genus Piper picked? 4. data processor aided pronunciation statement (CAPT) As stated by putting surface in Hasan (2011 45), that the extreme assumptions insert in electronic computer support orthoepy training (CAPT) employ science can solve the educational problems, speech applied science brings forward to EFL. With straightlaced adaptation, speech technology allows beginning language students to practice speaking the langu age outside the classroom. manifest ME more(prenominal) talk byAuralog is one of the speech intuition software, which uses speech credit rating to provide colloquial practice, optical feedback on prosody, and scoring of pronunciation. It contains dialogue-based software utilize fixedresponse self-acting legal transfer identification (ASR) which lets learners have a phony converse with a computer. Practicing with such programs should help students emend volubility and faith in pronouncing side words. exploitation phonet ic exercise, include in the ascertain ME more(prenominal) dialogue, is a great way to learn how to pronounce words.Furthermore, the software can provide individual feedback on pronunciation, which is something that is often lack in the language classroom. colligate to the statement above, learning pronunciation apply ramify ME more than converse offers some advantages compared with conventional media being used nowadays. It too offers raise activities when learning process as follows (1) type play, (2) dialogue, (3) video and questions, (4) sentence pronunciation, (5) word pronunciation, (6) phonetics exercise, (7) picture/word association, (8) word searches, (9) crossword puzzle puzzles, 9 10) word order, and (11) dictation. Hasan (2011 50-52) states that tips for improve learners pronunciation offered by break up ME much conversation are as follows 1) unreal of teacher or put down instance of sounds, words, and sentences 2) written text of learner speech, con trasted with native framework 3) organized accounting and dictation (including exposit of the structure and movement of parts of the mouth) 4) Immitation drills repeat of sounds, words, and sentences 5) change repeating of drills ( alter speed, volume, mood) ) attainment and performing dialogues (as with drills, victimization chorale work, and varied speed, volume, mood) 7) Self-correction through listening to recordings of own speech. D. closing and Suggestions We can say that the techniques mentioned above may be used to ensure that the EFL learners in higher education will be able to pronounce the target language accurately. As mentioned before, education pronunciation is one of the evidentiary aspects of foreign language teaching and at the same it is a very serious task.Therefore, it should be studied in the early stages of the language teaching program in order to eliminate the factors change the pronunciation of the learners in a forbid way and to a fault to ove rwhelm the negative influence of mother tongue interference, fear, fashioning mistakes, etc. composition doing this, the techniques mentioned above may be applied to language teaching program in higher education during the teaching process. As a result, language teachers must be certain of these techniques or methods and should apply any of them composition teaching pronunciation.It must be borne in mind that teachers are the models for their learners, so first of all they should have good pronunciation otherwise, they can harm their students. reference works Avery, P. and Susan Ehrlich. 1987. introductory Considerations in the training of orthoepy. capital of the United Kingdom TESL Center. Avery, P. and Susan Ehrlich. 1992. The precept American English pronunciation. Oxford Oxford University Press. Baker, Ann and Goldstein, Sharon. 1990. pronunciation Pairs. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. Brown, D. H. 997. Principles of row study and commandment. (3rd ed. ) new tee shirt learner abidance Regents. Celce-Murcia, Donald M. Brinton & Janet M. Goodwin. 1996. Teaching pronunciation A Reference for Teachers of English to Speakers of early(a) speechs. raw York Cambridge University Press. Dalton, C. and Barbara Seidlhofer. 1994. Pronunciation. Oxford Oxford University Press. Demirezen, M. 1986. phonemics and Phonology. capital of Turkey Bizim Buro. Hubbard et al. 1983. A raising track for TEFL. Oxford Oxford University Press.Krashen, S. D. 1988. import terminology erudition and southward verbiage Learning. innovative York apprentice planetary house Regents. Krashen, S. D. 1988. Principles and place in s terminology Acquisition. sassy York scholar residency Regents. Kenworthy, J. 1987. Teaching English Pronunciation. capital of the United Kingdom Longman. Knowles, G. 1987. Patterns of verbalise English An Introduction to English Phonetics. capital of the United Kingdom Longman. Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Techniques and Principl es in style Teaching. Oxford Oxford University Press. 10 Rivers, W. M. 1968.Teaching international lyric poem acquisitions. (2nd ed. ) moolah lettuce University Press. Rochmis, L. and D. Doob. 1970. speech Therapy. spick-and-span York The hind end twenty-four hours Company. Scarcella, R. & Oxford, R. L. 1994. secondly Language Pronunciation landed estate of the device in Instruction. Oxford Oxford University Press. Zainnuri, Hasan. 2011. A dissertation The potence of employ posit ME more converse to improve Students Pronunciation Skill (An experimental survey on The 10th story Students at SMA Negeri 7 Surakarta in The schoolman course of instruction of 20102011). 11